Conditional Sentence

IF CLAUSE

Conditional Sentence (=Kalimat pengandaian) adalah kalimat yang digunakan untuk menyatakan sesuatu yang mungkin terjadi atau mungkin tidak terjadi seperti yang diharapkan.

Conditional sentence terdiri dari dua klausa, yaitu:

Main Clause (Induk Kalimat) dan IF Clause.

Letak main clause bisa di depan maupun di belakang IF Clause. Perbedaan letak ini tidak mempengaruhi arti.

Ada beberapa tipe Conditional Sentence, yaitu:

• Type I: Future Conditional
• Type II: Present Conditional
• Type III: Past Conditional

1

Type I: Future Conditional

Kalimat ini mengungkapkan kejadian yang diharapkan akan terjadi di masa yang akan datang dan memiliki kemungkinan untuk terjadi.

Pola kalimat:

If + S + Verb (present), S + will + Verb1 Kalimat 1                         Kalimat 2

Contoh:

1. If I have enough time, I will visit him.

(mean: I may have enough time, I may visit him)

1. I will go to the beach if my father gives me permission.

( mean: Perhaps, I go to the beach, my father permit me)

1. We will wait if you want to join us.

(mean: Perhaps, we wait, you probably want to join us)

1. If you study hard, you will pass the final exam.

(mean: Perhaps, you study hard, you may pass the final exam)

1. If he wins the competition, they will give him a gold medal.

(mean: Perhaps, he win the competition, they may give him gold medal)

2

Type II: Present Conditional

Kalimat ini menyatakan peristiwa yang diharapkan terjadi sekarang tetapi  tidak terjadi.

Pola kalimat:

If + S + Verb 2 / were,     S + would + Verb1 Kalimat 1                              Kalimat 2

Contoh:

1. If she visited me, I would give him money.

(mean: She doesn’t visit me, so I don’t give her money.)

1. If I had enough time, I would go swimming.

(mean: I don’t have enough time, so I don’t go swimming.)

1. If you were a flower, I would be a bee.

(mean: You are not a flower, I am not a bee.)

1. If Luna Maya were my girlfriend, I would be the happiest boy in the world.

(mean:Luna Maya is not my girlfriend, so I am not the happiest boy in the world)

Catatan:

Pada tipe ini, to be untuk semua subyek pada IF clause adalah WERE.

3

Type III: Past Conditional

Kalimat ini menyatakan peristiwa yang diharapkan terjadi di waktu lampau, tetapi tidak terjadi.

Pola kalimat:

If + S + had + Verb 3, S + would have + Verb 3 Kalimat 1                             Kalimat 2

Contoh:

1. If she had studied hard, she would have passed the final exam.

(mean: She didn’t study hard, so she didn’t pass the final exam.)

1. If the team had played well, it would have won the competition.

(mean: The didn’t play well, so the team didn’t win the competition)

1. If cellin Dion had been here, I would have been very happy.

(mean: Cellin Dion was not here, so I was not very happy.)

1. If you had come to my house, you would have met me.

(mean: You didn’t come to my house, so you didn’t meet me.)

Future Unreal Conditional

BENTUK Ke 1 (Bentuk Yang Paling Umum)

• [If ... Simple Past ..., ... would + verb ...]
• [... would + verb ... if ... Simple Past ...]

PENGGUNAAN

Future Unreal Conditional digunakan untuk membicarakan tentang situasi yang kita bayangkan di masa yang akan datang. Bentuk ini tidak sama dengan Future Real Conditional karena apapun bisa terjadi di masa yang akan datang. Bentuk ini hanya digunakan ketika si pembicara perlu untuk menekankan bahwa sesuatu itu tidak mungkin. Karena bentuk ini hampir sama dengan Present Unreal Conditional, banyak native speaker lebih suka menggunakan bentuk ke 2 di bawah

Contoh:

• If I had a day off from work next week, I would go to the beach.
  I don’t have a day off from work.
• I am busy next week. If I had time, I would come to your party.
  I can’t come.

Refrence:

Drs.Wisnhubroto dan Dra.Mariani, Ulut. ”Complete English Grammar” .Kanisius ,1994. Yogyakarta